The intestinal metaplasia stage of chronic gastritis has great influence on the formation and microbial communities of tongue coating

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Objective: To investigate the effects on the tongue coating microecological changes in different pathological stages of patients with chronic gastritis.Methods: The clinical characteristics of tongue coating in patients with chronic gastritis were observed and analyzed by Chi-square test (133 cases, including 53 in the inflammation group, 31 in the atrophy group and 49 in the intestinal metaplasia group). Tongue coating samples were collected from 103 patients (including 34 in the inflammation group, 31 in the atrophy group, and 38 in the intestinal metaplasia group), and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed for tongue coating microorganisms, and then species composition analysis, diversity analysis, and differences between species groups were analyzed.Results: There were significant differences in the distribution proportion of greasy coating characteristics in patients with chronic gastritis at different pathological stages. The proportion of greasy coating is the highest in intestinal metaplasia group. Intestinal metaplasia group with greasy coating has the greatest influence on the microbial richness and community structure of the tongue coating. Among the top 10 phyla of this study, the abundance of greasy coating in intestinal metaplasia group was higher than that of non-greasy coating: Acidobacteria, Armatimonadetes, Chlorobi, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Verrucomicrobia and that of Saccharibacteria was lower than that of non-greasy coating. Among the top 10 genus of this study, the abundance of greasy coating in intestinal metaplasia group was higher than that of non-greasy coating, including Streptococcus, Alloprevotella, Atopobium, Megasphaera, Gemella, Moraxella, Solobacterium, Stomatobaculum.Conclusions: In intestinal metaplasia stage of chronic gastritis patients, the clinical greasy coating increased, the microecological environment of tongue coating changed, and the oral opportunistic pathogens increased.