Comparison of grid-forming voltage source converter control concepts with respect to large active power imbalances

Inhalt:
In recent times, grid-forming control concepts for converter-based generation have come into focus and are expected to enable power system operation with up to 100% converter-based feed-in. The concepts from different disciplines were proposed under distinct assumptions. It is clear that, depending on the choice of control concept, massive changes in power system dynamics can be expected. This will also have an impact on the provision of inertia, control reserves and voltage support - a comparison of the control concepts proposed in the literature with regard to this topic is yet to be done. Within the scope of this paper, the properties of various grid-forming converter control concepts are investigated, evaluated and compared. The results of the grid-forming control concepts are compared to state-of-the-art grid-following converter control. It can be shown that power system operation with exclusively converter-based feed-ins is possible but that there is still a demand for improvement and further development of grid-forming concepts to ensure future power system stability.