Transparent Reconfigurable Dipole Antenna for Sub-THz Beam Steering based on Graphene Twin Parasitic Sectors

Abstract:
This paper presents a circular disc-shaped transparent graphene-based antenna placed on a polyimide substrate, exploiting graphene twin parasite sectors in sub-THz frequencies for beam steering function. The antenna is composed of a dipole that is 155 µm long and 27 µm wide, surrounded by a graphene twin sector parasite that resembles a fan blade. By switching the chemical potential (0 eV and 1 eV) of each sector, the current distribution on the antenna is modified, leading to beam steering in six different directions (0deg, 60deg, 150deg,180deg, 240deg, and 330deg) in the azimuthal plane. The proposed transparent antenna achieved a maximum realized gain of 4.36 dBi and efficiency of 68%, accompanied by a minimum S11 value of -29.4 dB at 198 GHz with a -10 dB bandwidth ranges from 187 GHz to 214 GHz. Its low-profile applications and dynamic beam steering make it a great option for modern sub-THz communication systems and sensor networks.