Research on Key Techniques of World-class Elite Men's Long Jumpers

Abstract:
In order to clarify the common technical characteristics of the World-class elite male long jump athletes, explore the good sports technology model, and provide scientific suggestions for training practice, 15 athletes who jumped above 8.20m were selected as observation objects, and their key techniques were used to study the common technical characteristics by motion video analysis method and other methods. The results for the World-class elite athletes were: 1. The mean loss of step length for the first-last step was 0.27m (10.55%); 2. The mean loss of horizontal velocity for the first-last step was 0.38m/s (3.64%); 3. The mean transform rate of vertical velocity was 42.03%, while the mean resultant velocity at take-off was 9.58m/s ,and the mean swing leg angular velocity was 674.09deg/s; 4. The mean take-off angle was 21.83deg, trunk lean angle at TD was 58.07deg, and angle of the trunk lean at TO was 68.56deg. The Conclusions for the World-class elite athletes were: 1. In the last two steps, the "large and small" rhythm is conducive to smooth transition of runner and jumper, and suitable conditions are created for jumper. 2. Strong absolute speed ability can lay the foundation for excellence; 3. Excellent take-off technology can improve the conversion rate and utilization rate of speed to obtain a greater take-off speed; 4. There is a high degree of coordination between excellent jumping technique and the ability of the lower limb muscle groups to push and stretch, speed and jump. Recommendations from this thesis: 1. Emphasis should be placed on developing both absolute speed and jumping ability. 2. Key techniques vary according to the individual's technical characteristics, physical ability and movement level. 3. In physical training, we should strengthen the strength training of leg support and pedal extension, and attach importance to the speed strength training of leg flexor hip muscle group. Technical training to strengthen absolute speed training, rhythm training, coordination training and swing leg technical training. 4. To establish a database of Chinese and world elite athletes and construct a technical evaluation system suitable for Chinese athletes.