Numerical modeling of ELF / VLF radiation source generated by heating the low ionosphere

Abstract:
Using powerful high-frequency (HF) radio waves to modulate the heating of the low ionosphere region can make the natural current in the ionosphere oscillate and radiate ELF/VLF waves. Starting from the electron energy equation, this paper simulates the process of heating the ionosphere and analyzes the effect of different modulation frequencies on the heating of the ionosphere and the generation of dipole moment. The results show that the electron temperature has an equilibrium state in the process of heating and cooling. The lower the modulation frequency is, the better the equilibrium state can be reached. At this time, the maximum dipole moment of the ELF/VLF radiation source is 7.3×10⁴A⋅m.