Numerical simulation of flow behavior in electron beam welding pool of 10mm thick 2A12 aluminum alloy

Abstract:
The flow of the melt pool is closely related to the weld forming process. In order to improve the weld forming quality of electron beam welding, a three-dimensional transient simulation of the melt pool of 10 mm thick 2A12 aluminum alloy electron beam welding was carried out using Fluent software to analyze the evolution of the temperature and flow fields over time. The results show that the temperature difference between the front and rear of the upper surface of the melt pool is huge, and the surface tension forms multiple loops of liquid metal in the upper part of the melt pool, where the loop of liquid metal behind the melt pool is counterclockwise and the loop of liquid metal in front of the melt pool is clockwise. The surface tension also drives the liquid metal to continuously flush the melt pool boundary and form a melt width. The drilling effect of the metal vapor recoil pressure is responsible for the increase in melt pool depth, and the cyclic variation in melt pool depth indicates that the melt pool fluctuates periodically during the welding process.