Influence of Protection Systems on the Vertical Grid Operation in Distribution Networks

Abstract:
The energy revolution, which has been forced by law, is leading to a change in the energy sector. Energy generation is moving from centralized large-scale power stations in the upper grid levels to decentralized small generators in distribution networks. The Renewable Energy Law reduces conventional producers. Along with this reduction, there is a lack of sources for providing system services. Here, new potentials of the distribution are investigated. For these potentials to be exploited, new concepts are needed to ensure safe network operation. The investigations in this work are focused on how the provision of system services from the distribution network level will be limited by network protection in the future. Because there are comprehensive protection concepts and a wide range of protection devices, an overview of the basics of protection systems is created. To identify the influence of the protection systems, a detection concept of influences of protection systems has been derived. A simulation in a low-voltage grid has been implemented as part of this work and serves to test the proposed concept.