An Analysis of the Estimation of Lightning Incidence to Wind Farms with Special Attention to Upward Flashes

Abstract:
There are three types of lightning discharges associated with tall structures, namely upward flashes initiated by the tall structure itself (self-triggered lightning), upward flashes initiated by nearby preceding lightning activity (other-triggered lightning), and downward lightning. Based on the work of Becerra et al., we presented the estimation of lightning incidence to wind farms with special attention to upward flashes.