Optimization of Lightning Protection System Using Multi-Objective Optimization Techniques

Abstract:
This study aims to enhance the reliability of an 80-line distribution system against lightning strikes by minimiz-ing interruptions and associated costs. ATPDraw transient models simulate Lightning Protection System (LPS) configu-rations such as feeder shielding and grounding, to obtain critical lightning currents for estimating fault rates due to lightning strikes. Employing and comparing the Non-Dominated Sort-ing Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) with the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO), the optimization model integrates diverse LPS configurations into the distribution network. The optimal LPS configurations are determined with the minimum System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), the Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index (MAIFI) and associated costs. The study identifies spe-cific grounding rod configurations, reducing SAIFI from 4.52 int./yr. to 3.47 int./yr. and MAIFI from 22.58 int./yr. to 17.33 int./yr. Validation under various cost constraints reveals a direct relationship between investment and system reliability. NSGA-II proves more effective in optimizing grounding sys-tems and shielding measures compared to MOPSO, highlight-ing the significance of optimized lightning protection strate-gies for system resilience, cost-effectiveness, and regulatory compliance in power distribution networks.